Both sides in Sudan’s war have committed a range of human rights violations and crimes that may amount to war crimes and crimes against humanity, a United Nations fact-finding mission has said. That include indiscriminate air strikes and shelling of schools, hospitals, communication networks and water and electricity supplies.

Both parties had targeted civilians in attacks, as well as through rape and other forms of sexual violence, arbitrary detention, torture and ill treatment.

It found reasonable grounds to conclude that the RSF and its allied militias had committed the war crimes of rape, sexual slavery and pillage, in addition to forcibly displacing civilian populations and recruiting children below the age of 15 to partake in hostilities.

The RSF has carried out brutal assaults against non-Arab communities, particularly against the Masalit ethnic community near El Geneina in West Darfur, which has included rape, killings, torture and the destruction of property.